Cov kab mob neurovascular, xws li arteriovenous malformations, aneurysms, thiab fistulas, tuaj yeem ua rau muaj ntau yam tsos mob ntawm lub paj hlwb thiab txawm tias muaj teeb meem rau lub neej. Endovascular embolization tau tsim los ua qhov kev kho mob tsawg kawg nkaus thiab muaj txiaj ntsig zoo rau cov xwm txheej no, uas suav nrog kev xaiv cov hlab ntsha txawv txav nrog cov tshuaj embolic. Txawm li cas los xij, kev xaiv cov khoom siv embolic, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog cov kua embolic, cuam tshuam rau qhov tshwm sim ntawm cov txheej txheem, nrog rau kev yooj yim ntawm kev xa khoom, kev tswj embolic, thiab kev nyab xeeb. Ntawm cov kev xaiv muaj, uas tsis yog-adhesive kua embolic systems tau dhau los ua nrov vim lawv cov khoom muaj txiaj ntsig, suav nrog diffusivity, radiopacity, thiab tsis-stickiness.
Cov txheej txheem tsis-nplaum ua kua embolic yog cov cim los ntawm lawv lub peev xwm los nthuav tawm thiab nkag mus rau hauv cov hlab ntsha me lossis nkhaus, uas ua rau lawv zoo tagnrho rau kev kho cov kab mob vascular nyuaj. Tsis zoo li cov nplaum nplaum, uas zoo li ua raws li cov phab ntsa ntawm cov hlab ntsha thiab cov hlab ntsha, cov khoom tsis yog cov nplaum tuaj yeem ntws mus rau hauv cov ceg ntoo los ntawm kev quab yuam ntawm cov ntshav ntws thiab ua rau tag nrho qhov chaw tsis zoo yam tsis ua rau ischemia lossis recanalization. Cov cuab yeej no muaj txiaj ntsig tshwj xeeb rau kev kho AVMs lossis fistulas, qhov twg cov khoom siv embolic yuav tsum ncav cuag thiab occlude cov hlab ntsha noj thiab cov hlab ntsha. Piv txwv li, Onyx, ib tug dav siv kua embolic tus neeg sawv cev, muaj ib tug ncua kev kawm ntawv ntawm ethylene-vinyl cawv copolymer hais nyob rau hauv dimethyl sulfoxide, uas tso cai rau kev txhaj tshuaj thiab qeeb polymerization, uas ua rau ib tug khoom thiab ruaj khov. Cov cim radiopaque hauv Onyx pab txhawb kev pom los ntawm fluoroscopy, uas yog lwm qhov zoo ntawm cov tsis-nplaum embolectomies.
Radiopacity yog ib qho cuab yeej tseem ceeb ntawm tus neeg sawv cev embolic, vim nws ua rau tus kws kho hluav taws xob cuam tshuam los saib xyuas kev xa khoom ntawm cov khoom embolic hauv lub sijhawm tiag tiag thiab kho qhov kev txhaj tshuaj kom haum. Cov kua nplaum uas tsis yog nplaum nplaum feem ntau muaj cov tshuaj radiopaque, xws li tantalum, barium sulfate, lossis iodine-based compounds, uas muab qhov sib txawv ntawm cov ntaub so ntswg. Cov yam ntxwv no tsis tsuas yog tso cai rau qhov tseeb qhov chaw ntawm tus neeg sawv cev embolic tab sis kuj tseem pab tiv thaiv kev txhaj tshuaj tsis zoo rau hauv cov hlab ntsha los yog cov qauv. Lub visibility kuj pab txhawb qhov kev ntsuam xyuas ntawm cov vascular occlusion, muaj cov teeb meem, xws li reflux los yog tsiv teb tsaws, thiab xav tau ntxiv embolization. Tsis tas li ntawd, radiopacity kuj tuaj yeem siv los sib txawv ntawm ntau hom embolic agents, xws li PVA hais, kua nplaum, lossis microspheres, uas muaj qhov sib txawv ntawm cov hlab ntsha occlusion thiab ntws hemodynamics.
Tsis-adhesiveness yog lwm yam kev ntshaw ntawm cov kua embolic systems, raws li nws txo qhov kev pheej hmoo ntawm catheter entrapment, hlab ntsha tawg, los yog ischemic puas. Thaum cov tshuaj nplaum, xws li cyanoacrylate lossis fibrin kua nplaum, raug txhaj rau hauv cov hlab ntsha, lawv zoo li lo rau lub hau catheter lossis phab ntsa hlab ntsha, ua rau muaj kev cuam tshuam los yog embolization ntawm thaj chaw tsis xav tau. Tsis tas li ntawd, qhov adhesion ntawm tus neeg sawv cev embolic tuaj yeem cuam tshuam nrog kev soj ntsuam cov duab lossis kev phais phais, vim nws tuaj yeem ua rau thaj tsam ntawm thaj chaw kho mob lossis tsim cov cim tsis tseeb. Hauv qhov sib piv, Lava non-adhesive agents tsim los ntawm NeuroSafe, tso cai rau kev txhaj tshuaj du thiab tswj tau, thaum tsis txhob xav tau adhesion lossis tsiv teb tsaws. Qhov tsis nplaum kuj ua rau cov khoom siv embolic ntau dua biocompatible, raws li nws txo cov lus teb inflammatory thiab kev pheej hmoo ntawm cov ntaub so ntswg necrosis.
Hauv cov ntsiab lus, cov tshuab tsis-nplaum ua kua embolic tau txais kev lees paub dav dav hauv kev phais mob neuroendovascular vim lawv cov khoom tshwj xeeb, xws li diffusivity, radiopacity, thiab tsis nplaum. Cov tshuab no muab kev tswj hwm embolic zoo, kev nyab xeeb siab profile, thiab cov txiaj ntsig kev kho mob zoo, piv rau lwm hom embolic agents. Kev siv cov kua nplaum uas tsis yog nplaum nplaum yuav txuas ntxiv mus raws li cov ntaub ntawv tshiab thiab cov tswv yim tsim, tab sis lawv lub luag haujlwm hauv kev tswj cov kab mob neurovascular yuav tseem ceeb heev. Kev tshawb fawb yav tom ntej yuav tsum tsom mus rau kev ua kom zoo dua cov khoom ntawm cov tshuab no, xws li biocompatibility, degradation, thiab cov ntaub so ntswg teb, txhawm rau txhim kho lawv cov txiaj ntsig thiab kev ua haujlwm ntev.